Paintings included in Dorotheum’s Old Masters Auction on 22 October 2024, demonstrate the line of influence that can be drawn through the stylistic innovations of three of the greatest artists in the history of art.
Pietro di Cristoforo Vannucci, called il Perugino (c. 1450–1523) Christ Crowned with thorns, and
The Virgin, oil on panel, each 33.5 x 27.5 cm, a pair, estimate €600,000 – 800,000,
Pietro di Cristoforo Vannucci, called il Perugino (circa 1450-1523) was arguably the most influential artist of his time. His contribution to the development of painting was enormous, as he moved style, composition and technique on from the traditions of the early Renaissance towards what would become the High Renaissance. His compositional invention, combined with his use of Florentine figurative style and Umbrian-inspired use of structure and space, would become widely influential throughout Europe. In 1479, Perugino was engaged to work on the decoration of the Sistine Chapel, working in the Vatican before Michelangelo and Raphael. Perugino was the most highly celebrated painter in central Italy at this time and was sought after by powerful patrons. The two paintings on panel of Christ crowned with thorns and The Virgin offered for sale at Dorotheum, date to the 1490s. At around this time, Perugino returned to Perugia where the young Raphael entered his workshop.
As Perugino’s pupil, Raphael would imitate and assimilate his master’s style to the extent that their work, in these early years, was sometimes indistinguishable. The similarity in their style is illustrated by Perugino’s present depiction of Virgin, which has an air of sweetness that would be clearly echoed in Raphael’s Florentine Madonnas, painted years later.
Raphael (1483-1520) was one of the great geniuses of the High Renaissance and he established a large and prolific studio in Rome. He was commissioned to decorate the Stanze in the papal apartments, perhaps his most famous work. Here, his talented pupil Giulio Romano became his prominent assistant, ultimately completing the prestigious work after Raphael´s premature death in 1520.
Giulio Pippi, called Giulio Romano (mid-1490s-1546) The Mystic Marriage of Saint Catherine, oil on canvas, 58 x 47 cm, estimate €400,000 – 600,000,
While working in Raphael’s workshop, Giulio Romano (mid-1490s-1546) collaborated with his master on easel paintings, as well as the large-scale frescos. After Raphael´s death, competition for Giulio’s services increased and in 1524, Giulio was appointed court artist by Federico II Gonzaga in Mantua. The Mystic Marriage of Saint Catherine, which is offered in Dorotheum’s Old Masters sale, comes from this Mantuan period and is dated to c.1526. The painting reflects the influence of Raphael, but the composition, colouring, and the subtlety in the observation of character and emotion of the figures, are Giulio´s own. He would become one of the outstanding figures of Mannerist art.
Artemisia Gentileschi (1593–1653) Madonna and Child, oil on canvas, 116 x 89.3 cm, estimate €400,000 – 600,000
Associate of Jacopo Carucci, called Pontormo (1494–1557) Madonna and Child - Madonna del Libro, oil on panel, 122.7 x 103 cm, estimate €300,000 – 400,000, Old Masters Auction 22 October 2024