Tate Liverpool
18 May – 18 September 2016

Staatsgalerie Stuttgart (7 October 2016 – 8 January 2017)

Tate Liverpool presents the largest exhibition ever staged in the north of England of one of Britain’s greatest modern painters. Francis Bacon: Invisible Rooms will be the first dedicated exhibition to survey an underexplored yet significant element of Bacon’s work.

Francis Bacon (1909 – 1992), the Irish-born British figurative artist, is considered a major figure of 20th-century art. Many of his iconic works feature an architectural, ghost-like framing device around his subjects. Francis Bacon: Invisible Rooms will feature approximately 30 paintings alongside a group of rarely seen drawings and documents including some of Bacon’s most powerful works, surveying the variety of Bacon’s compositions united by this common motif.

An element introduced by the artist in the 1930s, Bacon used a barely visible cubic or elliptic cage around the figures depicted to create his dramatic compositions. It is these imaginary chambers that emphasise the isolation of the represented figures and bring attention to their psychological condition; the act of placing the sitters in ‘invisible rooms’ guides the focus of attention towards the complex human emotions that are felt but can’t be seen.

Francis Bacon: Invisible Rooms traces the development of this architectural structure throughout his career; from the first indications of room-spaces in early works including 

Francis Bacon, Crucifixion 1933
© The Estate of Francis Bacon. All rights reserved. DACS 2016. Image courtesy Murderme Collection. Photo: Prudence Cuming Associates Ltd

Crucifixion 1933 (Murderme) 

Francis Bacon, 1909-1992
Three Studies for Figures at the Base of a Crucifixion c.1944
Oil paint on 3 boards
Each: 940 x 737 mm
© Tate

and Three Studies for Figures at the Base of a Crucifixion c. 1944 (Tate); 

the 1950s, including Man in Blue IV 1954 (mumok, Austria) 

 Francis Bacon, Chimpanzee, 1955, Staatsgalerie Stuttgart © The Estate of Francis Bacon. All rights reserved/VG Bild-Kunst, Bonn 2015

and Chimpanzee 1955 (Staatsgalerie Stuttgart); 

through to the 1980s, Untitled (Kneeling Figure) c. 1982 (Private Collection).

The exhibition demonstrates the ongoing development of the motif, which Bacon tested in different ways from its inception. A period of experimentation on paper in the late 1950s and early 1960s gave way to a greater spatial complexity in the late 1960s, 70s and 80s, where the cubic cages were transformed into theatrical spaces, demonstrated in 1967’s  

Triptych Inspired by T.S. Eliot’s ‘Sweeney Agonistes’ (Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden).

Taking inspiration from a seminal essay by French philosopher Gilles Deleuze, Francis Bacon: The Logic of Sensation 1981, the exhibition highlights the role of Bacon’s approach to space, which Deleuze interpreted as one of the defining forces of his work.

Francis Bacon: Invisible Rooms is curated by Kasia Redzisz, Senior Curator and Lauren Barnes, Assistant Curator, Tate Liverpool with Ina Conzen, Curator and Deputy Director, Staatsgalerie Stuttgart. Organised by Tate Liverpool in collaboration with Staatsgalerie Stuttgart. 

Francis Bacon, 1909-1992
Study for the Nurse from the Battleship Potemkin 1957
Oil paint on canvas
1980 x 1420 mm
© Estate of Francis Bacon. All Rights Reserved, DACS 2016. © Städel Museum - U. Edelmann – ARTOTHEK

Three Figures and Portrait 1975
Oil paint and pastel on canvas
1981 x 1473 mm
© The Estate of Francis Bacon. All rights reserved. DACS 2016. Image courtesy Tate. 

Francis Bacon, 1909-1992
Study for Portrait on Folding Bed 1963
Oil paint on canvas
1981 x 1473 mm
© Estate of Francis Bacon

Francis Bacon, 1909-1992
Seated Figure 1961
Oil paint on canvas
1651 x 1422 mm
© Estate of Francis Bacon